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摘要英文降重

发布时间: 2021-03-21 13:16:24

㈠ 英文摘要格式

一、标题

一篇较长的英语论文(如英语毕业论文)一般都需要标题页,其书写格式如下:第一行标题与打印纸顶端的距离约为打印纸全长的三分之一,与下行(通常为by,居中)的距离则为5cm,第三、第四行分别为作者姓名及日期(均居中)。

如果该篇英语论文是学生针对某门课程而写,则在作者姓名与日期之间还需分别打上教师学衔及其姓名(如:Dr./Prof.C.Prager)及本门课程的编号或名称(如:English 734或British Novel)。

二、提纲

英语论文提纲页包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为2.5cm左右)的始端打上 Thesis 一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。

主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母;处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。

需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应有Ⅱ,有A应有B,以此类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ii(第一页无需标页码)。

三、摘要

1、英文摘要是应用符合英文语法的文字语言,提供论文内容梗概为目的的短文。(内容基本与中文摘要相同,但不用完全逐句对应)。

2、英文题目、摘要、关键词自成一页(1页即可),放在中文摘要页之后。

3、英文字体与行间距: 统一使用“西文字体”中的“Times New Roman”,1.5倍行间距。

4、英文题目: 使用三号字加粗。

5、英文摘要: “Absract”顶格,使用四号字,并加粗。

6、英文关键词: “Key Words”顶格,使用四号字并加粗。

四、正文

有标题页和提纲页的英语论文,其正文第一页的规范格式为:论文标题居中,其位置距打印纸顶端约5cm,距正文第一行约1.5cm。段首字母须缩进五格,即从第六格打起。

正文第一页不必标页码(但应计算其页数),自第二页起,必须在每页的右上角(即空出第一行,在其后部)打上论文作者的姓,空一格后再用阿拉伯数字标出页码;阿拉伯数字(或其最后一位)应为该行的最后一个空格。

在打印正文时尚需注意标点符号的打印格式,即:句末号(句号、问号及感叹号)后应空两格,其他标点符号后则空一格。

五、文中引述

正确引用作品原文或专家、学者的论述是写好英语论文的重要环节;既要注意引述与论文的有机统一,即其逻辑性,又要注意引述格式 (即英语论文参考文献)的规范性。

引述别人的观点,可以直接引用,也可以间接引用。无论采用何种方式,论文作者必须注明所引文字的作者和出处。美国学术界通行的做法是在引文后以圆括弧形式注明引文作者及出处。

六、文献目录

论文作者在正文之后必须提供论文中全部引文的详细出版情况,即文献目录页。美国高校一般称此页为 Works Cited, 其格式须注意下列几点:

目录页应与正文分开,另页打印,置于正文之后。

目录页应视为英语论文的一页,按论文页码的顺序在其右上角标明论文作者的姓和页码;如果条目较多,不止一页,则第一页不必标出作者姓和页码(但必须计算页数),其余各页仍按顺序标明作者姓和页码。

标题Works Cited与打印纸顶端的距离约为2.5cm,与第一条目中第一行的距离仍为0.6cm;各条目之间及各行之间的距离亦为0.6cm,不必留出更多空白。

各条目内容顺序分别为作者姓、名、作品名、出版社名称、出版地、出版年份及起止页码等;各条目应严格按各作者姓的首字母顺序排列,但不要给各条目编码,也不必将书条与杂志期刊等条目分列。各条目第一行需顶格打印,回行时均需缩进五格,以将该条目与其他条目区分开来。

英语论文摘要又称文摘,是论文的重要组成部分,它是以提供文献内容梗概为目的,不加评论和补充解释,简明、确切地记述文献重要内容的短文。摘要应具有独立性和自明性,并拥有与文献同等量的主要信息,即不需阅读全文,就可获得重要的信息。

摘要通常置于文题之后,文章之首。在论文发表后,论文摘要常被文献检索系统所收集。英语论文摘要一般为200-300单词,并有与英文摘要表达观点一致的中文摘要与之对应。

(1)摘要英文降重扩展阅读

论文的作用

论文为进行各个学术领域的研究和描述学术研究成果的文章。它既是探讨问题进行学术研究的一种手段,又是描述学术研究成果进行学术交流的一种工具。不同的人发表论文的作用也不同:

1、评职称(晋升职称):研究生 毕业需要;教师 、医护人员 、科研院所的人员、企业员工 等 晋升高一级的职称时,发表期刊论文是作为一项必须的参考指标。

2、申报基金、课题 :教育、科技、卫生系统 每年申报的国家自然科学基金项目、其它各种基金项目、各种研究课题时,发表论文 是作为 基金或课题 完成的一种研究成果的结论性展示。

3、世界性基础领域的研究,比如在医学、数学、物理、化学、生命科学 等领域开展的基础性研究,公开发表论文 是对最新科技 科学研究成果、研究方法的一种展示和报道。以推动整个社会的科技进步等。

㈡ 有什么毕业论文降重的好方法吗

我们都知道大学毕业都要交一份满意的论文,才能得到老师的肯定。也是自己大学学习这么多年的一场满意的答卷吧。但是对于有些人来说论文弄虚作假没有得到自己实力的体现,给以后的学生带来很大的负面影响,更是在学术界造成了非常丢脸的行为。


总的来说,选论文如果想避免重复的方法,最好就是摆好自己的心态,学习好自己的文化基础,只要有深厚的文化底涵才能爆发出好的未来,更不会抹黑学术界,这才是最好的降重方法。

㈢ 摘要的英文摘要

这里要讨论的主要是中文科技论文所附的英文摘要,其内容包含题名、摘要及关键词。GB 7713—87规定,为了国际交流,科学技术报告、学位论文和学术论文应附有外文(多用英文)摘要。原则上讲,以上中文摘要编写的注意事项都适用于英文摘要,但英语有其自己的表达方式、语言习惯,在撰写英文摘要时应特别注意。

㈣ 摘要的英文单词是什么

摘要:abstract. 索引:Index。 但是论文最后引用其他人的文章目录,一般叫References,很多人混淆了这一点

㈤ 摘要英文

ABSTRACT:
Background: The surgery patient has frequently in the surgery process has the possibility which the skin damages, after this the patient has created the very big pain for the surgery.The skin damage and the bearing time are proportional the relations, we want to understand how long the surgery time does surpass can create the skin damage, therefore we have done a such relative property researc
Goal: Exploration surgery patient's skin damage and surgery time relations
Method: The surgery patient uses the different surgery body posture who to 600 examples carries on the surgery time and the skin damage situation material statistics, meets when the surgery asked the length (1-5h, 6-10h,> 10h) divide into A, B, the C3 group, observes the skin extent of damage.The mild skin blushes, moderate has the inration, the specific weight appears the water blister.Statistical data after sPss statistics software processing.

Finally: A, B group compare, B group of skin damage rate is bigger than A group of P< O 05); A, C group compare, C group of skins
Conclusion: No matter what kind of surgery body posture surgery time is longer, the patient skin damage risk is bigger, takes the omni-directional preventive measure, reces the surgery time, may rece the degree which the surgery patient bearing skin damages, then protects the patient safety.
Key word: Surgery patient, skin damage, nursing intervention, surgery time.
Paper type: Applied research

㈥ 摘要(英文翻译)

Observation under the modern medical pattern current situation, the nature of doctor-patient relationship. Deep understanding of the doctor-patient relationship in both the moral rights and moral obligation, all-round, multi-level knowledge and correct treatment of relationship between doctors and patients, application of theory combining with practice experience method to handle interaction of contradictions and disputes, safeguard the common interests, the harmonious coexistence

㈦ 摘要(英文翻译)

Abstract :
Sleeps west Huai high speed Huai An to exchange ties salt river bridge total length 577.04m. The bridge surmounts the Huaiyin area domestic salt river. The cross salty river bridge main span uses 80+140+80m three cross variable cross-section prestressed concrete continual box Liang. The approach span uses 30m completely constant section partial prestressed concrete combination box Liang, the bridge opening arrangement carries on the control according to bridge head depth of fill H=6.0m about. And toward sleeps west Huai high speed Huai An to exchange the direction approach span bridge span arrangement for 6×30m, a six association, after first simple support, continuously; After the Huai An urban district direction approach span is as soon as three unite the first simple support continuously partial prestressed concrete combination box Liang, the bridge span arrangement for 3×30m. Goes on stage the beginning, they proposed “ the first-class management, constructs the first-class project, unfolds the invincible army elegant demeanor” the slogan, established has improved the strict rules and regulations, drew up has guaranteed superior, argued vigorously the country superior quality objectives. They divide the entire project the construction earlier period preparatory work, drill hole pile soft base processing, the roadbed arch of bridge to construct three stages, carries on the refinement to each stage's ty, the project leadership labor division with indivial responsibility, on-the-spot direction, the project department various administrative offices contract construction working party, the wage income and the constructional force completes the task, the security, the quality suspension hook, the responsibility to the human. Has only used 15 days, completed the entire line standard to be highest, equipment excellent test chamber, and first through Development organization's approval. 20 days completed the project department near to suppose the ty, one month has completed 11 kilometers access roads and 4 temporary bridge's construction works, took the lead to pull open the drill hole pile and the roadbed construction prologue in the entire line, in the Development organization organized in the construction earlier period preparatory work inspection obtained first, slept the Huai Highway Headquarters to hold on-the-spot meeting in this sign section, requested the entire line Construction to study to them.
Key word: Prestressed concrete continual box Liang constructs earlier period preparatory work the drill hole pile soft base processing arch of bridge construction

㈧ 求智能论文降重,论文降重软件!

论文降重一直是论文一个重要的问题,需要了解论文降重主要方法。

摘要充字法
摘要充字法顾名思义,是利用摘要来扩充字数,但是一般情况下学校对于论文摘要都有字数要求,一般不会超过500字,那么怎么做到充字数已达到降重目的呢?就是利用摘要的英文翻译来达到目的,论文的字数是依据WPS或者OFFIC的字数计算的,在这两个软件中,对于英文的计算是一个单词为一个字数,而判断单词的原则是相邻两个空格之间的就是一个单词,因此在论文摘要的英文翻译中,字数甚至要比中文翻译还少,但是在论文检测中,检测的字数实际上是字符数,所以这就导使得在论文检测中,会多出大量的非重复字数来降低重复率,而为了使英文翻译中字符数更多,就需要在摘要中使用大量的修饰词语,尤其是高级词汇,因为在英文中高级词汇已经形容词的字母一般较多。
表格充字法

该方法在技术手段上,同样利用了文档软件和查重软件之间的不同点,数字本身在文档软件中,是与英文同样的归类方法,而在查重中则按照数字的个数计算。因此在论文中,无论是否需要数据,都可以插入表格引入大量数据,一方面通过数据提高了论文的说服性,另一方面有效的降低了重复率。在表格制作过程中,尽可能的做到小数点后两位或三位,杜绝使用整数。
参考文献法
参考文献因为查重的判定标准,因此参考文献历来是论文写作中降重的一个途径,而随着大量毕业生在论文中过多的引用参考文献,导致了目前大部分学校都对参考文献作了篇幅要求。所以如果能在有限的篇幅中,提高参考文献的字数,那么就会降低论文的重复率。
致谢充字法

致谢充字法是指,再致谢中尽可能的扩充字数,达到降重目的。首先致谢中,要写大学四年的简单经历,其次感谢父母养育之恩,然后感谢老师培养之恩,同学帮助之恩,最后写论文写作中所有提供帮助的单位,这样致谢的字数就会达到500-700之间,并且是非重复字数。
文字填充法

文字填充法为在原文中,通过添加文字来达到打破原文文字排列,降低重复率的目的。
顺序置换法

该方法是通过将原文中语序打乱,从而降低重复率。一般情况下都是通过被字句、把字句、之所以,是因为、由于,导致这写词语来颠倒语序。
文字替换法
该方法是通过将原文字中的词语通过同义词替换,从而降低重复率,但是为了保证原文意思不变,尽可能的替换形容词。
以上就是一些方法,可以了解一下。但是方法用后还是要去专业的论文降重软件查一查,毕竟比自己更节省时间。类似于学客行智能降重,检测快速准确。

㈨ 论文摘要英文版

去金山词霸等网站翻译,我翻了一个无语的翻译:The Sixteen Party Congress report clearly put a more harmonious society as an important goal of building a well-off society. The sixteen session of the fourth plenary session further put forward the task of building a socialist harmonious society, emphasizing the formation of all people to play their proper role, harmonious society is to consolidate the social basis for the ruling party, is an inevitable requirement of implementing the party's historical mission. The report of the Seventeenth National Congress is put forward in the elderly "medical, a sense of security" and other security problems, but also stressed the need to "strengthen the work of the aged". China has entered the aging society, how to enable the elderly rights can be realized, has become an important issue in the construction of harmonious society.

㈩ 论文摘要英文怎么写

Abstract

21, is a diversified century, as reflected this spirit of the times of culture, arts are also colorful flowers. Rock Painting as the source of art, has great influence on modern art, but also can not be ignored. We should carry forward the traditional rock paintings of art forms, but also its constant innovation.
In modern painting the various factions, we often see the rock paintings look good shows in their works, even works with many rock paintings of the mother or structural agree that comparison. Rock Paintings and the origin of the original features of this attention, the rock paintings Guzhuo the shape and color of the mystery are a model of modern art. Connotation and characteristics of modern art has also absorbed the essence of the original rock paintings, to create a different style. Modern Art inherited the rock paintings of the original shape, color, composition and other aspects of the advantages of modern art is a more meaning. Modern artist Zhou's brother, Rufino - Tamayo also learned from the best of rock paintings, created a unique painting language.

Key words: inheritance, development and innovation

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