英文文獻官網
spring還有其他的網站都可以的
2. 介紹一些能夠免費下載英文文獻的網站，，，
香港大學論文庫：http://sunzi1.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/index.jsp
OA圖書館，免費的：http://www.oalib.com/Index.html
後面這個英專文比較屬少。
3. 求搜索英文學術論文的網站
英文學術論文網站，目前比較全的論文網站就掌橋科研不錯，涵蓋了各個領域，英文期內刊論文、學容位論文、國外會議論文、美國科技報告都有，有近6000萬多篇。主要是收錄全球名稱權威論文的內容，理工科技術型論文很全，應該能幫助到你。
4. 查閱英文文獻有專門的網站嗎
感覺在那些外文資料庫都找不到合適的資源。在做2011的B題，一頭霧水、
5. 怎樣查外文文獻哪些網址較好
1. The NASA Astrophysics Data System -- 世界最大免費全文網站，超過300,000篇全文
主要學科：天體物理學
2. HighWire Press -- 世界第二大免費全文網站，超過235，812篇全文
主要學科：生物學、醫學
3. arXiv.org
主要學科：物理、數學、非線性科學、計算機科學等。文件格式以PostScript為主，如沒有相應的閱讀軟體，可以選擇生成PDF文件格式。
4. Behavioral and Brain Sciences
主要學科：行為科學、腦科學
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
主要學科：醫學
6. CogPrints
主要學科：心理學、神經科學、行為科學、語言學、人工智慧、哲學
7. GPO Access
美國政府文獻
8. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR)
世界最大的社會科學文獻網站
9. National Academy Press
美國國家科學院、國家工程院、醫學協會等機構報告
10. National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
美國國家衛生統計中心的統計報告
11. NCSTRL
計算機科學研究報告和論文
12. Project Gutenberg Electronic Public Library
電子圖書，2002前提供10000種全文電子圖書
13. Thomas Legislative Information on the Internet
美國國會圖書館提供的美國國會報告和歷史文獻
14. UNESCO
聯合國教科文組織提供的文檔
15. United States Geological Survey
美國地質考察報告
16. World Development Sources (World Bank)
世界銀行報告
17. Delphion
世界各國專利，可看到前十三頁全文
18 美國數學學會(AMS)的三種免費期刊
Bulletin
Electronic Research Announcements
Notices of the American Mathematical Society
19 Physics Today
美國物理學會(American Institute of Physics)提供的免費雜志
20 Frontiers in Bioscience
生物科學期刊和圖書，文章被Biosis、CA、Medline等重要二次文獻資料庫引用
21 The World Wide Web Journal of Biology
被Biosis Previews引用
22 Science Magazine
23 Scientific American
24 ACM Digital Library
25 Issues in Science and Technology 《科學與技術問題》，美國。
1984年創刊，全年4期，ISSN 0748-5492，National Academy of Sciences，探討和闡述科學、技術和衛生事業發展中的政策問題。
26 Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 《符號邏輯通報》，美國。
1995年創刊，全年4期，ISSN 1079-8986，刊載數學、哲學、計算機、語言學等領域中有關符號邏輯方面的論文、書評和會議論文摘要。
27 Progress of Theoretical Physics 《理論物理學進展》，日本。
1946年創刊，全年12期，ISSN 0033-068X，發表日本理論物理學者的研究成果。文章用英文、德文、法文發表。
28 Australian Journal of Physics 《澳大利亞物理學雜志》，澳大利亞。
1948年創刊，全年6期，ISSN 0004-9506，刊載物理學（從基本粒子到天體物理學）領域的研究論文、簡訊和評論。
29 New Journal of Physics 《新物理學雜志》，英國。
1998年創刊，ISSN 1367-2630，是一種全文電子雜志,它在物理學領域相當具有權威性。該雜志編輯竭力通過出版對物理學家有益並能引起物理學家關注的高品質文章，從而把《新物理學雜志》辦成本領域最主要的科學雜志。
30 Journal of Biological Chemistry 《生物化學雜志》，美國。
1905年創刊，全年52期，ISSN 0021-9258，Journal of Biological Chemistry Subscription，刊載生物化學領域的研究成果。高價刊。
31 Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 《化學與葯學通報》，日本。
1953年創刊，全年12期，ISSN 0009-2363，發表生物分析化學、生物化學、葯理學、毒理學和生物葯學方面的研究論文及報告，用英文出版。
32 Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering 《微型機械與微型工程雜志》，英國。
1991年創刊，全年4期，ISSN 0960-1317，刊載微型機電、微型機械和真空微電子技術方面的研究論文，涉及微型系統的控制、程序和建造、微型結構和器件、集成電路、電子與光子器件等基本結構、器械和系統設計研究。
33 VDI-Z 《德國工程師協會綜合生產雜志》，德國。
1857年創刊，全年12期，ISSN 0042-1766，刊載機器製造、金屬加工工藝、生產規劃管理、生產系統、生產評價以及金屬加工設備與系統等方面的論文，兼及行業新聞、新產品介紹。
34 Modern Machine Shop 《現代機械車間》，美國。
1928年創刊，全年12期，ISSN 0026-8003，全面報道製造與機械工業的新聞和技術信息，內容包括工程、工業機器人、研究與開發、程序設計、安全規則與設備等。
35 Process Engineering 《加工工程》，英國。
1920年創刊，全年12期，ISSN 0370-1859，刊載化工加工技術以及設備、材料和保養等方面的文章。
36 Signal 《信號》，美國。
具體看我給你的鏈接吧，有很多的。
6. 英文文獻下載的網站
自力更生。到soudocer博客上去找賬號。最重要的是能夠學到自己怎麼下載文獻
7. 怎麼找外文文獻
1、首先，打開網路搜索欄，輸入「知網」字樣，並點擊搜索結果中的知網官網。
8. 英文參考文獻網站
China and the US: A Unique Relationship
Zhu Shida
The relationship between China, one of the oldest civilizations with the biggest population, and the United States, one of the youngest civilizations with the strongest economy, is significant not only for the two peoples but also for the future of the whole world.
The factors influencing the Sino-US relationship include economic, strategic, diplomatic and cultural elements. Undoubtedly, among them the economic factor is the most important one. Economic interests are at the heart of China-US relations. In 2001, trade volume between the two nations hit US$80,400 million, 8.1 percent higher than the previous year. Tempted by the colossal Chinese market, the US has become China』 biggest investor with an investment of US$4,858 million in 2001 and an accumulated investment of US$35,548 million. Since many American companies who have invested in China are multinational corporations, any fluctuations in Sino-US economic relations may affect the global trading and financial system, and may in turn exert influences on the two countries』 political and diplomatic decisions.
Strategically, China and the US have common interests. The White House needs China』s assistance and influence to handle North Korea and non-proliferation issues. America also needs China』s cooperation in fighting terrorism. On the Taiwan question that remains the most sensitive issue, China asks the United States to abide by the three joint communiqués and pursue the one-China policy.
Diplomatically, the imbalance of the mutual foreign policies is one of the reasons for misunderstandings and difficulties between the two nations. On the US side, by redefining China as its rival rather than strategic partner, the Bush Administration indicates that China is not at the key position in its Asian and Pacific policies. However, in China』s foreign policies, the United States is important both economically and strategically, especially when dealing with the Taiwan issue.
The ideological discrepancy explains why the United States has always taken China as its enemy rather than a partner or friend. Thus, learning the origins of American culture and spirit is necessary for China in dealing with political and diplomatic relations with the United States.
Domestic politics has played an important role in shaping the China-US relationship. In the United States, a sharp increase in the population of minorities resulted in the popularity of multiculturalism over the past decade, a movement that aims to achieve for minorities -- including African, Latin and Asian Americans -- the same status white Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASP) have enjoyed in political, social and cultural life. Multiculturalism has strengthened the political power of minorities and intensified the conflicts between whites and minorities. Consequently, conservatives hope to strengthen the influence of the mainstream, i.e. WASP values and attitudes in response to the growth of multiculturalism. Recently, Asian, especially Chinese Americans have become a newly emergent force in computer, ecational, scientific and technological fields in the United States. The rise of Chinese Americans may arouse antipathy and jealousy of racists, conservatives and other minorities, which has been seen in the Wen Ho Lee 「Spy」 Case. In addition, after the Sept. 11 terrorist attacks, the White House reexamined its opening-up, adopted tougher immigration policies, and said it would restrict the granting of immigrant visas. This tendency of conservatism may play a negative role in the Sino-US cultural exchanges.
On the contrary, in China, intellectuals as well as young people hold a good opinion of the United States. A survey indicates that 87 percent of Chinese youngsters regard US as a rich and powerful country, and 74.3 percent are impressed by the colorful cultural and entertainment life in America. According to a poll made in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou in September, 1997, some 58 percent of those polled nursed quite a favorable impression of the US in general; 27.1 percent thought that by then US was China』s international friend; while only 13 percent described China-US ties as hostile. In a survey concted in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan and Harbin on first impressions of the United States, 40.4 percent of the interviewees brought up the wealth of the US and its standing as a superpower, 7.5 percent reflected on such social problems in the United States as drug addiction, unemployment and homelessness, 5 percent mentioned Motorola, Coca Cola, IBM, the Silicon Valley and other high-tech and branded procts. Of all countries referred to in the interview, people were most impressed by the United States and listed it as the richest and most powerful country in the world. In addition, the US has been the first preference among Chinese people as a place to visit, travel to and send their children to study in.
However, after China-US IPR (intellectual property rights), MFN (Most Favored Nations status) and WTO (World Trade Organization) negotiations, especially after the missile attack on the Chinese Embassy in Belgrade in 1999 and the Air-Collision Incident last year, an anti-America feeling is growing among Chinese young people who are rather westernized both in their wearing and thinking. This is a signal to the American policy-makers: When dealing with US-China relations, they need to fully consider traditional Chinese culture and national feelings since Chinese people who are cultivated by their distinctively face-saving culture value mutual respect greatly.
To handle the Sino-US relationship appropriately, both sides should realize the necessity to further understanding and respect for each other』s cultures, which, unfortunately, often has been neglected.
The origins of American culture lie in a combination of Puritanism, liberalism, indivialism and republicanism. Reflected in politics, American culture takes the form of hegemonism with a strong religious flavor and labeled by its self-defined freedom, democracy and human rights standard. The cultural reason for American people』s conceit and authoritativeness lies in the so-called 「America exception」 derived from the American political culture. Beginning with the original immigrating Puritans, Americans have regarded themselves as the chosen people, superior to any other peoples in the world. Meanwhile, in free and open America, there is no room for the strict consensus system characteristic of traditional societies. Therefore, without a unified attitude and consistent account in all fields of its political culture, discordant voices can be heard from time to time in American society, which is unimaginable and almost impossible in China.
The essence of Chinese culture is family affection and attachment. Any indivial behavior damaging national dignity and group honor is not encouraged in Chinese society that thinks highly of collective benefits and reputation, which is beyond the understanding of American people.
In addition to the cultural differences between the two nations, we also need to realize the inherent discrepancies in American culture that influence American politics and foreign policies frequently. On the one hand, in terms of Puritanism, one of the origins of the American culture, since the earliest Puritans came to the New World e to the religious persecutions they suffered in England, the freedom and right for indivials to pursue welfare have occupied a special position in Puritanism. Naturally, Puritans harbor religious fervor for human rights. On the other, the protracted existence of racial discrimination and segregation did not change until after the Civil Rights movement ring the 1950s and 1960s. Even today, the deep-rooted barrier between whites and minorities is still hard to be removed completely in the United States. The cultural contradictions are the source of America』s double standards on the human rights issue.
The aggressive American culture with a short history of a little more than 200 years is built on the basis of indivialism and liberalism, while the introversive Chinese culture with a 5000 years』 tradition lays stress on collectivism and cultural consensus at the expense of indivial voices. Obviously, the essences of these two cultures are contradictory. This cultural contradiction is the main reason for the constant Sino-US clashes. Nevertheless, mutual complementarities in economy magnetize the two nations, forcing them to compromise for their cultural discrepancies.
To maintain close ties between China and the United States, the establishment of culturally complementary, mutually trusting and crisis handling systems is necessary. The differences between Chinese and American cultures as well as the inherent contradictions of American culture need to be fully considered. Mutual opening based on mutual trusting is also important to bilateral relations. Meanwhile, cooperation on economic, strategic and anti-terrorist issues cannot change the essential political and cultural discrepancies, which makes it inevitable for the constant appearance of crises between the two nations. By and large, China and the United States need to face their cultural differences and establish mutually trusting relations based on deepened understandings and reasonable analyses and judgment on cases. Only in this way, any possible crises in the future can be reced to the degree benefiting both sides.